System and Method for Dynamic Virtualized Network Function Descriptor Management

ABSTRACT

A Virtual Network Function Descriptor (VNFD) parameter may include subfields that allow a management entity to determine whether the VNFD parameter can be updated. The subfields may include a write-ability subfield that indicates whether the VNFD parameter is a dynamic/configurable VNFD parameter or a fixed/static VNFD parameter. The VNFD parameter may also include an access permission subfield that indicates which entities are authorized to modify/update the VNFD parameter. The VNFD parameter may also include an administrative priority subfield that indicates a priority of an entity that set an attribute of the VNFD parameter. The VNFD parameter may also include a constraints subfield that indicates one or more conditions that are required to occur in order for the VNFD parameter to be updated.

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/158,276, filed on May 7, 2015 and U.S. Provisional Application No.62/158,381 filed on May 7, 2015, both of which are hereby incorporatedby reference herein as if reproduced in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a system and method for networkvirtualization, and, in particular embodiments, to a system and methodfor dynamic virtualized network function virtualization management.

BACKGROUND

Network function virtualization (NFV) is an industry effort tovirtualize network equipment using generic-build hardware platforms,with the goals of cost reduction and efficient/agile network operationand performance. Conceptually speaking, NFV is the principle ofseparating network functions from the hardware they run on using virtualhardware abstraction, and seeks to virtualize entire classes of networknode functions into building blocks that may be connected, or chained,together to create communication services.

SUMMARY

Technical advantages are generally achieved, by embodiments of thisdisclosure which describe systems and methods for dynamic virtualizednetwork function descriptor management.

In accordance with an embodiment, a method for dynamically configuringvirtual network function (VNF) parameters is provided. In this example,the method comprises receiving a VNF descriptor (VNFD) associated with aVNF or VNF instance at a management entity. The VNFD lists a set ofparameters describing characteristics of the VNF or VNF instance. Themethod further includes determining whether a VNFD parameter in the VNFDcan be dynamically updated according to one or more sub-fields of theVNFD parameter or according to an information element listingdynamically configurable VNFD parameters, and dynamically updating theVNFD parameter upon determining that the VNFD parameter can bedynamically updated. An apparatus for performing this method is alsoprovided.

In accordance with another embodiment, a method for managing virtualnetwork function (VNF) resource allocations is provided. In thisexample, the method comprises receiving a quota information notificationfrom a network function virtualization operator (NFVO) at a VNF Manager(VNFM). The quota information notification corresponds to a quotaallocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed by theVNFM. The method further includes sending a quota management request tothe NFVO to update, or request information pertaining to, the quotainitially set by the NFVO, and receiving a response to the quotamanagement request from the NFVO. An apparatus for performing thismethod is also provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present invention, and theadvantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptionstaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates is a block diagram of an embodiment virtual networkfunction descriptor (VNFD);

FIG. 2 illustrates is a block diagram of another embodiment virtualnetwork function descriptor (VNFD);

FIG. 3 illustrates a protocol diagram of an embodiment communicationssequence for activating a VNF package;

FIG. 4 illustrates a protocol diagram of an embodiment communicationssequence for retrieving configuration parameters from an OAM system;

FIG. 5 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence forestablishing a quota for a VNF instance;

FIG. 6 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence forallocating resources to a VNF instance based on a quota;

FIG. 7 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence forincreasing the size of a quota;

FIG. 8 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence forreducing the size of a quota;

FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment method for dynamicallyupdating a VNF descriptor (VNFD) parameters;

FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment method for managingquotas;

FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a processing system;

FIG. 12 illustrates a diagram of an embodiment wireless communicationssystem;

FIG. 13 illustrates a diagram of an embodiment user equipment (UE); and

FIG. 14 illustrates a diagram of an embodiment base station;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The structure, manufacture and use of the presently preferredembodiments are discussed in detail below. It should be appreciated,however, that the present invention provides many applicable inventiveconcepts that can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts.The specific embodiments discussed are merely illustrative of specificways to make and use the invention, and do not limit the scope of theinvention.

A Virtual Network Function (VNF) is a virtualized task that has beenmoved from dedicated hardware to software. A VNF Descriptor (VNFD) mayinclude a set of parameters describing characteristics and/or attributesof a VNF instance. A VNFD may be used by a Network FunctionVirtualization Orchestrator (NFVO) to instantiate a virtual machine,corresponding to the VNF instance, on a host device. The NFVO is asoftware package that acts as an arbitrator for resource provisioningbetween VNFs. An NFVO may trigger instantiation of VMs corresponding toa VNF instance on different host devices.

In conventional NFV systems, the parameters of a VNFD are staticallydefined. However, in some instances, it may be desirable to update aVNFD to reflect a new, or changed, characteristic and/or attribute of aVNF instance, such as may occur when a VNF instance is updated by avendor or operator. Accordingly, techniques for updating VNFDs aredesired.

Embodiments of this disclosure provide a VNFD parameter format thatincludes subfields that allow a management entity to determine whetherthe VNFD parameter can be updated. The subfields may include awrite-ability subfield, an access permission subfield, an administrativepriority subfield, and/or a constraints subfield. The parameter subfieldindicates a name of the VNFD parameter. The write-ability subfieldindicates whether the VNFD parameter is a dynamic/configurable VNFDparameter or a fixed/static VNFD parameter. Dynamic/configurable VNFDparameters are writeable, meaning that they are capable of beingdynamically updated. Static VNFD parameters are read only. Theadministrative priority subfield indicates the priority of the mostrecent entity to update the subfield. The constraints subfield indicatesone or more conditions that are required to occur in order for the VNFDparameter to be updated. For example, the constraints field couldrequire that a VNF instantiation and lifecycle management (LCM) event,or an onboarding event, occurred within a threshold period of time.

A management entity may determine whether a VNFD parameter can bedynamically updated according to one or more sub-fields of the VNFDparameter and/or according to an information element listing dynamicallyconfigurable VNFD parameters. In one embodiment, the management entitydetermines whether the VNFD parameter is a configurable VNFD parameteror a fixed VNFD parameter according to a sub-field of the VNFD parameterthat indicates whether or not the VNFD parameter can be re-configured.

In another embodiment, the management entity determines whether the VNFDparameter is a configurable VNFD parameter according to whether the VNFDparameter is listed by the information element listing dynamicallyconfigurable VNFD parameters. The information element may be aVnfConfigurableProperties information element that defines configurableproperties of a VNF or VNF instance. In another embodiment, themanagement entity determines whether the management entity has beenauthorized to update the VNFD parameter according to an accesspermission sub-field of the VNFD parameter. The access permissionsubfield may identify which entities are permitted to update the VNFDparameter. In another embodiment, the management entity determineswhether an attribute of the VNFD parameter can be modified by themanagement entity according to an administrative priority sub-field ofthe VNFD parameter. The administrative priority subfield may indicate anadministrative priority of an entity that set the attribute of the VNFDparameter. The management entity may be permitted to modify theattribute when the management entity has a higher administrativepriority than the entity that previously set the attribute of the VNFDparameter. In yet another embodiment, the management entity determineswhether the VNFD parameter can be dynamically updated when one or moreconditions specified by a constraints sub-field of the VNFD parameterhave occurred within a threshold period of time.

The VNFD parameter may be updated/modified to reflect a modification toa characteristic of the VNF or VNF instance. For example, the VNFDparameter may be updated to reflect an increase or a decrease in anumber of virtual deployment units (VDUs), a number of virtual links, ora number of connection points in the VNF or VNF instance. As anotherexample, the VNFD parameter may be updated to reflect an increase ordecrease in a resource quota of the VNF or VNF instance, the resourcequota specifying a maximum number of resources that can be allocated tothe VNF or VNF instance. The management entity may be a network functionvirtualization operator (NFVO), an Operational Support System (OSS)function, an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)function, or a VNF manager (VNFM).

Embodiments of this disclosure further provide a technique for managingquotas. In an embodiment, a VNF Manager (VNFM) may receive a quotainformation notification from a network function virtualization operator(NFVO). The quota information notification may correspond to a quotaallocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed by theVNFM. The VNFM may then send a quota management request to the NFVO. Thequota management request may request an update to the quota initiallyset be the NFVO. Alternatively, the quota management request may requestinformation pertaining to the quota.

In one embodiment the quota management request queries updated quotainformation that indicates if there are any changes to the quotaallocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNF instances managed by theVNFM. In another embodiment, the quota management request requests anincrease or a decrease in the quota. In yet another embodiment, thequota management request requests deletion of the quota.

The quota notification information from the NFVO may indicate whetherquotas are available to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managedby the VNFM. A quota may specify a maximum number of computer resourcesthat are permitted to be allocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNFinstances managed by the VNFM. For example, a quota may specify amaximum number of virtual machines (VMs) or CPU processes that arepermitted to be instantiated by the VNFM or for one or more VNFinstance(s) managed by the VNFM. As another example, the quota mayspecify a maximum storage capacity that is permitted to be allocated tothe VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed by the VNFM.

Alternatively, a quota may specify a maximum network resource capacitythat is permitted to be allocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNFinstances managed by the VNFM. As yet another alternative, a quota mayspecify a resource type, class, or level that is permitted to beallocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed by theVNFM. For example, a quota may specify that only gold-class resourcesmay be allocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed bythe VNFM. The quota information notification, quota management request,and/or the response may be exchanged over a Virtualized Resources Quotamanagement Interface.

In some embodiments, an NFVO may dynamically update a dynamicallyconfigurable VNFD parameter upon receiving a request to do so fromanother entity, such as an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting(AAA) function, an Operational Support System (OSS) function, or a VNFManager (VNFM) function. In some embodiments, the NFVO may update theVNFD only when one or more constraints specified by the VNFD parameterare satisfied. For example, the NFVO may only update the VNFD parameterwhen the sender of the update request has permission to modify the VNFDparameter. Entities that have permission to modify a VNFD parameter maybe listed in an administrative entity field of the VNFD parameter. Inother embodiments, the NFVO may update the VNFD only when the sender ofthe request has a higher administrative priority than an entity thatmost recently requested modification of the corresponding parameter. Thepriority classification of the most recent entity to update a parametermay be listed in a prioritized administrative entity field of the VNFDparameter. In yet another embodiment, the NFVO may update the VNFD onlywhen one or more constraints/conditions specified by the VNFD haveoccurred within a threshold period of time from when the request wasreceived by the NFVO. Those constraints/conditions may be specified in aconstraints field of the VNFD parameter. Dynamic configurable VNFDparameters may include, for example the number of Virtual DeploymentUnits (VDUs) in a VNF instance (configurable within a value range orbetween a maximum and minimum number), the number of virtual links in aVNF instance, the number of connection points in a VNF instance, a quotanumber of virtual resources, or a tenant ID of virtual resources.

In various embodiments, the system is capable of using a single file tostore a dynamically changing VNFD. For example, a set of multiple filescontaining VNF parameters may be provided by a VNF vendor as part of aVNF software package. The system may also be capable of extractingparameters from each of these multiple files and combining them togetherinto a single consolidated VNFD file, which is then used to configurethe instantiation of the VNF. For example, the NFVO may be a centralizedcontrol point for authorizing access to the dynamic VNFD parameters toensure that multiple entities can configure VNF parameters in a singlefile.

In the VNFD there are also indications of whether parameters are static(read-only access) or dynamically configurable (read-write access),which entities have read-write access and, in case of multiple entitieshaving read-write access, priority of access and also any conditions orconstraints that limit the scope of a parameter. One example of suchconstraints is that a certain parameter applies only when a targetdevice is in a particular geographic location (as in, e.g., geographiclicensing). Another example of a parameter constraint is that a certainparameter applies only when a VNF has a particular status, such as,e.g., when the VNF is under a suspend status or overload status. In someembodiments, a write qualifier field for a VNFD parameter may indicatewhether or not the VNFD parameter is dynamic configurable.

In various embodiments, the system also includes a VNFM that is alogically separate entity from the NFVO that may or may not be in thesame physical node as the NFVO. In an example, the NFVO may arbitrateM2M management resources of an M2M service that may use different VNFsto form the service, e.g., in a layer architecture.

In a first NFV quota solution, the NFVO is aware of the quota andenforces the quota, while the VNFM only follows the instructions withoutbeing involved in quota operation. In some implementation cases,however, the VNFM conducts resource management, and the VNFM has betterintelligence than the NFVO on how to manage resources for its VNF(s). Insuch cases, a NFVO-centric quota solution limits the possibility to havebetter resource management.

Instead, in an embodiment second solution, a quota is posted by thevirtualized infrastructure manager (VIM) for its tenant, so it has noknowledge of who that tenant is. Therefore, the VNFM can conduct quotamanagement because the VNF(s) are the tenant of the Network FunctionVirtualized Implementation (NFVI). The VNFM receives quota informationfrom the NFVO through a grant operation or dedicated resourcenotification or query interface, then the VNFM requests a resource fromthe VIM according to the quota.

In such embodiments, a quota negotiation and notification mechanism maybe provided between the VNFM and the NFVO. When the VIM notifies aresource change or some resource policies are triggered, the NFVO willsend a notification to the VNFM to change the quota. This resourcenotification interface can be used to deliver resource allocationinformation for both reservation and quota based solutions. The VNFMalso has the additional capability to request expansion/contraction ofthe quota or negotiate with NFVO. In some embodiments, different tiersor types of quota may be available for the VNFM to select, e.g., Quotatier 1, with 10 Virtual Machines (VM), Quota 2 with 20 VM, etc.Additional VMs may be, for example, duplicate copies of a VNF that areadded to handle increased traffic.

In some embodiments, meeting a quota threshold triggers the VNFM to senda grant/quota change request to the NFVO instead of sending a request tothe VIM for additional resource allocation. In some embodiments wherethe NFVO conducts resource management and allocation using the quota, aquota query interface is provided in the NFVO (producer), where the VNFMcan query the quota information in order to configure the VNFC in a moreoptimized way before instantiation, such as instantiating a differentVNFC based on the quota resource. In some embodiments, a quota usagenotification interface for the VNFM or VIM is provided to notify theNFVO about quota consumption status.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment VNFD 102 that is adeployment template describing a VNF in terms of its deployment andoperational behavior requirements. The VNFD 102 is primarily used by aVNFM in the process of VNF instantiation and lifecycle management (LCM)of a VNF instance. The information in the VNFD 102 is also used by theNFVO to manage and orchestrate network services (NSs) and virtualizedresources on the Network Function Virtualized Implementation (NFVI).

The VNFD 102 also contains connectivity, interface and key performanceindicators (KPIs) requirements that can be used by NFV-management andorchestration (NFV-MANO) functional blocks to establish appropriatevirtual link(s) 104 within the NFV infrastructure (NFVI) between its VNFcomponent (VNFC) instance(s) 106, or between a VNFC instance 106 and theendpoint interface to the other network services.

VNFD parameters in some examples describe a VNF in terms of VNFdeployment and operational behavior. Example VNFD parameters may includea Static (pre-configured in the VNFD) indicator, a VNFD ID, a Vendoridentifier, a VNFD version, a Virtualized deployment unit (VDU), aVirtual Link, a Connection Point, a Lifecycle Event, a Dependency, aMonitoring parameter, a Deployment flavor, an Auto scale policy, aManifest file, and a Manifest security file.

It should be understood that additional or alternative VNFD componentsare contemplated and are within the scope of the description and claims.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment VNFD 204 thatprovides operator(s) a mechanism for customizing the VNFD 204 indifferent scenarios of VNF lifecycle management by using dynamicparameters in the VNFD 204, instead of only static parameters. Staticparameters are read-only. Static parameters generally are preconfiguredby the operator or VNF provider in the VNFD design phase, are neverupdated during the VNF LCM procedures, and can only be changed with aVNFD update. Each dynamic parameter is configured with a default valueor value range during the VNFD design phase, and can be updated to aworkable value during the subsequent VNF instantiation or other LCMprocedures. Dynamic parameters are read-writable.

With access to the VNFD 204 mediated by the NFVO 202, the OSS 206, VNFM208, and AAA 210 provide parameter inputs dynamically during VNFoperation, such that this input fills in the value of the parameter inthe VNFD 204. Examples of dynamic parameters in VNFD 204 include aNumber of VDUs in a VNF instance (in value range or maximum/minimumnumber), a Number of Virtual Links in a VNF instance, a Number ofConnection Points in a VNF instance, a Quota number of virtualresources, and a Tenant ID(s) of virtual resources.

In accordance with an embodiment, for each parameter in the VNFD 204,some attributes are added to the parameter. A readability attribute isread-only for static parameters, and read-writable for dynamicparameters. The attribute can be settable by the operator, or similarparameters may indicate if this parameter is statically configured inthe design phase or can be dynamically changed during VNF operations.

On processing each dynamic parameter (read-writable), the VNFM 208 candetermine the Operations, Administration and Management (OAM) entity(e.g. NFVO/specific VNFM (S-VNFM)/generic-VNFM (G-VNFM)/element manager(EM) of the VNF) or a list of OAM entities that has the capability tomodify the dynamic parameter.

For each dynamic parameter, if multiple entities can modify the dynamicparameter, the VNFM can determine the entity with the highest priorityto modify the dynamic parameter when there is a conflict in parametermodification.

An embodiment provides conditions or constraints under which themodification of a dynamic parameter may be allowed.

FIG. 3 illustrates a protocol diagram of an embodiment communicationssequence for activating a VNF package. In this example, the NFVO 302receives or activates a VNF package as part of an on-boarding (i.e.,loading) process. The VNF package is provided to the NFVO 302 toconfigure a network virtualization session or instance. The NFVO 302communicates with a VNFD 306 to access VNFD parameters 310. The NFVO 302determines which of the VNFD parameters 310 are dynamic VNFD parameters.The NFVO 302 then interacts with a OAM system 304 to obtainconfiguration information 320 for the dynamic VNFD parameters.

FIG. 4 illustrates a protocol diagram of an embodiment communicationssequence for retrieving configuration parameters from an OAM system. Anetwork virtualization system or service with a more flexible andcustomized VNFD template may perform complex VNF LCM applications. Therequest for performing VNF LCM is provided to the VNFM 402 to configurea network virtualization session or instance. The VNFM 402 communicateswith a VNFD 406 to access VNFD parameters 410. The VNFM 402 determineswhich of the VNFD parameters 410 are dynamic VNFD parameters. The VNFM402 then interacts with an OAM system 404 to obtain configurationinformation 420 for the dynamic VNFD parameters.

FIG. 5 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence forestablishing a quota for a VNF instance. As shown, the communicationssequence begins when the NFVO sends a quota request 510 to a VIM 506.The quota request 510 may request quota information for one or more VNFinstances. The VIM 506 may return a quota response 520 to the NFVO 502that includes the requested quota information. The NFVO 502 may then usethe quota information to assign quotas to one or more VNF instances.Once the quota response 520 has been communicated from the VIM 506 tothe NFVO 502, there may be various ways for allocating quotas to a givenVNF instance. In one embodiment, the VNFM 504 sends a VNF lifecyclemanagement (LCM) grant request 530 to the NFVO 502. In such anembodiment, the NFVO 502 may return a grant 540 to the VNFM 504 thatincludes a quota for a given VNF instance.

In another embodiment, the VNFM 504 sends a quota query request 550 tothe NFVO 502. In such an embodiment, the NFVO 502 may return a response560 that includes a quota for a given VNF instance. In anotherembodiment, the NFVO 502 sends a resource notification message 570 tothe VNFM 504 that specifies a quota for a given VNF instance. The VNFM504 then returns a response 580 to the NFVO.

FIG. 6 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence 600for allocating resources to a VNF instance based on a quota. As shown,the communications sequence 600 begins when the VNFM 604 begins a VNFLCM operation, at which time the VNFM 604 determines that the number ofresources required by the VNF instance is less than or equal to themaximum amount of resources specified by a corresponding quota.Thereafter, the VNFM 605 sends a resource allocation request 610 to theVIM 606 to request that a number of resources be allocated to the VNFinstance. The number of resources requested by the resource allocationrequest 610 is less than or equal to a maximum number of resourcesspecified by the corresponding quota. After verifying that the number ofresources requested by the resource allocation request 610 is less thanor equal to a maximum number of resources specified by the quota, theVIM 606 sends a resource allocation response 620 to the VNFM to indicatethat the resource request has been approved. The VNFM 604 and the VIM606 then send quota usage notifications 630, 640 to the NFVO 602 tonotify the NFVO 602 of how many resources have been allocated to thecorresponding VNF instance.

FIG. 7 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence 700for increasing the size of a quota. As shown, the communicationssequence 700 begins when the VNFM 704 starts a VNF LCM operation, atwhich time the VNFM 704 determines that the number of resources requiredby the corresponding VNF instance exceeds the maximum amount ofresources specified by the corresponding quota. The VNFM 704 thenrequests that the quota be increased. There are various ways of doingthis. In one embodiment, the VNFM 704 sends a VNF LCM grant request 710to the NFVO 702 to request that the quota size be increased. The NFVO702 and the VIM 706 then exchange request/response messages 720 toupdate the quota, after which the NFVO 702 sends a grant 730 to the VNFM704. The grant 730 includes updated/expanded quota information.

In another embodiment, the VNFM 704 sends a request quota expansionmessage 740 to the NFVO 702 to request that the quota size be increased.The NFVO 702 and the VIM 706 then exchange request/response messages 750to update the quota, after which the NFVO 702 sends a quota expansionresponse message 760 to the VNFM 704. The quota expansion responsemessage 760 includes updated/expanded quota information. After the quotahas been increased, the VNFM 704 and VIM 706 exchange resourcerequest/response messages 770 to allocate resources to the VNF instance.

FIG. 8 illustrates a protocol diagram of a communications sequence 800for reducing the size of a quota, as may be triggered by a quota relatedpolicy. As shown, the VNFM 804 sends a request 810 to the NFVO 802. Therequest 810 requests that a quota associated with a VNF instance bereduced. Thereafter, the NFVO 802 and the VIM 806 exchangerequest/response messages 820 to reduce the size of the quota, afterwhich the NFVO 802 sends a quota contraction response 830 to the VNFM804.

FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment method 900 fordynamically updating a VNF descriptor (VNFD) parameters, as may beperformed by a management entity. At step 910, the management entityreceives a VNFD associated with a VNF or VNF instance. At step 920, themanagement entity determines whether a VNFD parameter in the VNFD can bedynamically updated according to one or more sub-fields of the VNFDparameter. In an embodiment, the VNFD parameter includes a parametersubfield, a write-ability subfield, an access permission subfield, anadministrative priority subfield, and/or a constraints subfield. Theparameter subfield indicates a name of the VNFD parameter. Thewrite-ability subfield indicates whether the VNFD parameter is adynamic/configurable VNFD parameter or a fixed/static VNFD parameter.Dynamic/configurable VNFD parameters are writeable, meaning that theyare capable of being dynamically updated. Static VNFD parameters areread only. The access permission subfield identifies which entities arepermitted to update the VNFD parameter. The administrative prioritysubfield indicates the priority of the most recent entity to update thesubfield. The constraints subfield indicates one or more conditions thatare required to occur in order for the VNFD parameter to be updated. Atstep 930, the management entity updates the VNFD parameter.

FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment method 1000 formanaging quotas, as may be performed by a VNFM. At step 1010, the VNFMreceives a quota information notification from a network functionvirtualization operator (NFVO). The quota information notificationcorresponds to a quota allocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNFinstances managed by the VNFM. At step 1020, the VNFM sends a quotamanagement request to the NFVO to update, or request informationpertaining to, the quota initially set by NFVO. At step 1030, the NFVMreceives a response to the quota management request from the NFVO.

In some embodiments, a VnfConfigurableProperties information elementdefines configurable properties of a VNF or VNF instance. For a VNFinstance, the value of these properties may be modified by a VNFM. Table1 includes some attributes of the VnfConfigurableProperties informationelement.

TABLE 1 Attribute Qualifier Cardinality Content Description autoScalableM 0 . . . 1 It permits to enable/ disable the auto- scalingfunctionality. See note 1, note 2. autoHealable M 0 . . . 1 It permitsto enable/ disable the auto- healing functionality. See note 1, note 2.note 1: A cardinality of “0” indicates that configuring this present VNFproperty is not supported. note 2: The exact data structure describingthe attribute is left for data model solution specification, but itshould include: name, and any constraints on the values, such as ranges,predefined values, etc.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a processing system 1100 that may be usedfor implementing the devices and methods disclosed herein. Specificdevices may utilize all of the components shown, or only a subset of thecomponents, and levels of integration may vary from device to device.Furthermore, a device may contain multiple instances of a component,such as multiple processing units, processors, memories, transmitters,receivers, etc. The processing system 1100 may comprise a processingunit equipped with one or more input/output devices, such as a speaker,microphone, mouse, touchscreen, keypad, keyboard, printer, 1107, adisplay 1108, and the like. The processing unit may include a centralprocessing unit (CPU) 1110, memory 1115, a mass storage device 1120, avideo adapter 1125, and an I/O interface 1130 connected to a bus 1135.

The bus 1135 may be one or more of any type of several bus architecturesincluding a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, videobus, or the like. The CPU 1110 may comprise any type of electronic dataprocessor. The memory 1115 may comprise any type of non-transitorysystem memory such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic randomaccess memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM),a combination thereof, or the like. In an embodiment, the memory 1115may include ROM for use at boot-up, and DRAM for program and datastorage for use while executing programs.

The mass storage device 1120 may comprise any type of non-transitorystorage device configured to store data, programs, and other informationand to make the data, programs, and other information accessible via thebus 1135. The mass storage device 1120 may comprise, for example, one ormore of a solid state drive, hard disk drive, a magnetic disk drive, anoptical disk drive, or the like.

The video adapter 1125 and the I/O interface 1130 provide interfaces tocouple external input and output devices to the processing unit. Asillustrated, examples of input and output devices include the display1107 coupled to the video adapter 1125 and the mouse/keyboard/printer1105 coupled to the I/O interface 1130. Other devices may be coupled tothe processing unit, and additional or fewer interface devices may beutilized. For example, a serial interface such as Universal Serial Bus(USB) (not shown) may be used to provide an interface for a printer.

The processing system 1100 also includes one or more network interfaces1150, which may comprise wired links, such as an Ethernet cable or thelike, and/or wireless links to access nodes or different networks 1155.The network interface 1150 allows the processing system 1100 tocommunicate with remote units via the network(s) 1155. For example, thenetwork interface 1150 may provide wireless communication via one ormore transmitters/transmit antennas and one or more receivers/receiveantennas. In an embodiment, the processing system 1100 is coupled to alocal-area network or a wide-area network 1155 for data processing andcommunications with remote devices, such as other processing units, theInternet, remote storage facilities, or the like.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example communication system 1200 that may beused for implementing the devices and methods disclosed herein. Ingeneral, the system 1200 enables multiple wireless users to transmit andreceive data and other content. The system 1200 may implement one ormore channel access methods, such as code division multiple access(CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency divisionmultiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA(SC-FDMA).

In this example, the communication system 1200 includes user equipments(UE) 1210 a-1210 c, radio access networks (RANs) 1220 a-1220 b, a corenetwork 1230, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 1240, theInternet 1250, and other networks 1260. While certain numbers of thesecomponents or elements are shown in FIG. 12, any number of thesecomponents or elements may be included in the system 1200.

The UEs 1210 a-1210 c are configured to operate and/or communicate inthe system 1200. For example, the UEs 1210 a-1210 c are configured totransmit and/or receive wireless signals or wired signals. Each UE 1210a-1210 c represents any suitable end user device and may include suchdevices (or may be referred to) as a user equipment/device (UE),wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobilesubscriber unit, pager, cellular telephone, personal digital assistant(PDA), smartphone, laptop, computer, touchpad, wireless sensor, orconsumer electronics device.

The RANs 1220 a-1220 b here include base stations 1270 a-1270 b,respectively. Each base station 1270 a-1270 b is configured towirelessly interface with one or more of the UEs 1210 a-1210 c to enableaccess to the core network 1230, the PSTN 1240, the Internet 1250,and/or the other networks 1260. For example, the base stations 1270a-1270 b may include one or more of several well-known devices, such asa base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B (NodeB), an evolved NodeB(eNodeB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, a small/femto/pico or similarcell, a site controller, an access point (AP), or a wireless router, ora server, router, switch, or other processing entity with a wired orwireless network.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the base station 1270 a forms partof the RAN 1220 a, which may include other base stations, elements,and/or devices. Also, the base station 1270 b forms part of the RAN 1220b, which may include other base stations, elements, and/or devices. Eachbase station 1270 a-1270 b operates to transmit and/or receive wirelesssignals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimesreferred to as a “cell.” In some embodiments, multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) technology may be employed having multipletransceivers for each cell.

The base stations 1270 a-1270 b communicate with one or more of the UEs1210 a-1210 c over one or more air interfaces 1290 using wirelesscommunication links. The air interfaces 1290 may utilize any suitableradio access technology.

It is contemplated that the system 1200 may use multiple channel accessfunctionality, including such schemes as described above. In particularembodiments, the base stations and UEs are configured to implement theLong Term Evolution wireless communication standard (LTE), LTE Advanced(LTE-A), and/or LTE Broadcast (LTE-B). In other embodiments, the basestations and UEs are configured to implement UMTS, HSPA, or HSPA+standards and protocols. Of course, other multiple access schemes andwireless protocols may be utilized.

The RANs 1220 a-1220 b are in communication with the core network 1230to provide the UEs 1210 a-1210 c with voice, data, application, Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP), or other services. Understandably, theRANs 1220 a-1220 b and/or the core network 1230 may be in direct orindirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown). The corenetwork 1230 may also serve as a gateway access for other networks (suchas PSTN 1240, Internet 1250, and other networks 1260). In addition, someor all of the UEs 1210 a-1210 c may include functionality forcommunicating with different wireless networks over different wirelesslinks using different wireless technologies and/or protocols.

Although FIG. 12 illustrates one example of a communication system,various changes may be made to FIG. 12. For example, the communicationsystem 1200 could include any number of UEs, base stations, networks, orother components in any suitable configuration.

FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate example devices that may implement themethods and teachings according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG.13 illustrates an example UE 1310, and FIG. 14 illustrates an examplebase station 1420.

As shown in FIG. 13, the UE 1310 includes at least one processing unit1301, a transceiver 1302, an antenna 1304, an input/output interface1306, and a memory 1308. The antenna 1304 is configured to communicate awireless signal 1390. The processing unit 1301 implements variousprocessing operations of the UE 1310. For example, the processing unit1301 could perform signal coding, data processing, power control,input/output processing, or any other functionality enabling the UE 1310to operate in a system. The processing unit 1301 also supports themethods and teachings described in more detail above. Each processingunit 1301 includes any suitable processing or computing deviceconfigured to perform one or more operations. Each processing unit 1301could, for example, include a microprocessor, microcontroller, digitalsignal processor, field programmable gate array, or application specificintegrated circuit.

The UE 1310 also includes at least one transceiver 1302. The transceiver1302 is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission byat least one antenna 1304. The transceiver 1302 is also configured todemodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna1304. Each transceiver 1302 includes any suitable structure forgenerating signals for wireless transmission and/or processing signalsreceived wirelessly. Each antenna 1304 includes any suitable structurefor transmitting and/or receiving wireless signals. One or multipletransceivers 1302 could be used in the UE 1310, and one or multipleantennas 1304 could be used in the UE 1310. Although shown as a singlefunctional unit, a transceiver 1302 could also be implemented using atleast one transmitter and at least one separate receiver.

The UE 1310 further includes one or more input/output devices 1306. Theinput/output devices 1306 facilitate interaction with a user. Eachinput/output device 1306 includes any suitable structure for providinginformation to or receiving information from a user, such as a speaker,microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen.

In addition, the UE 1310 includes at least one memory 1308. The memory1308 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by theUE 1310. For example, the memory 1308 could store software or firmwareinstructions executed by the processing unit(s) 1301 and could storedata used to reduce or eliminate interference in incoming signals. Theat least one memory 1308 can comprise one or more storage devices andcan include any suitable volatile and/or non-volatile storage andretrieval device(s). Any suitable type of memory may be used, such asrandom access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk, opticaldisc, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, securedigital (SD) memory card, and the like. The UE 1310 can be implementedby the processing system 110 of FIG. 11 in some examples

As shown in FIG. 14, the base station 1420 includes at least oneprocessing unit 1450, at least one transmitter (TX) 1452, at least onereceiver (RX) 1454, one or more antennas 1456, and at least one memory1458. The processing unit 1450 implements various processing operationsof the base station 1420, such as signal coding, data processing, powercontrol, input/output processing, or any other functionality. Theprocessing unit 1450 can also support the methods and teachingsdescribed in more detail above. Each processing unit 1450 includes anysuitable processing or computing device configured to perform one ormore operations. Each processing unit 1450 could, for example, include amicroprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, fieldprogrammable gate array, or application specific integrated circuit.

Each transmitter 1452 includes any suitable structure for generatingsignals for wireless transmission to one or more UEs or other devices.Each receiver 1454 includes any suitable structure for processingsignals received wirelessly from one or more UEs or other devices.Although shown as separate components, at least one transmitter 1452 andat least one receiver 1454 could be combined into a transceiver (TX/RX).Each antenna 1456 includes any suitable structure for transmittingand/or receiving wireless signals. While a common antenna 1456 is shownhere as being coupled to both the transmitter 1452 and the receiver1454, one or more antennas 1456 could be coupled to the transmitter(s)1452, and one or more separate antennas 1456 could be coupled to thereceiver(s) 1454. Each memory 1458 includes any suitable volatile and/ornon-volatile storage and retrieval device(s). The base station 1420 canbe implemented by the processing system 110 of FIG. 11 in some examples.

While this invention has been described with reference to illustrativeembodiments, this description is not intended to be construed in alimiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of theillustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the invention,will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to thedescription. It is therefore intended that the appended claims encompassany such modifications or embodiments.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for dynamically configuring virtualnetwork function (VNF) parameters, the method comprising: receiving, bya management entity, a VNF descriptor (VNFD) associated with a VNF orVNF instance, the VNFD listing a set of parameters describingcharacteristics of the VNF or VNF instance; determining, by themanagement entity, whether a VNFD parameter in the VNFD can bedynamically updated according to one or more sub-fields of the VNFDparameter or according to an information element listing dynamicallyconfigurable VNFD parameters; and dynamically updating the VNFDparameter upon determining that the VNFD parameter can be dynamicallyupdated.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the VNFDparameter can be dynamically updated comprises: determining whether theVNFD parameter is a configurable VNFD parameter or a fixed VNFDparameter according to a sub-field of the VNFD parameter, the sub-fieldindicating whether or not the VNFD parameter can be re-configured. 3.The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the VNFD parametercan be dynamically updated comprises: determining whether the VNFDparameter is listed by the information element listing dynamicallyconfigurable VNFD parameters.
 4. The method of claim 1, whereindetermining whether the VNFD parameter can be dynamically updatedcomprises: determining whether the management entity has been authorizedto update the VNFD parameter according to an access permission sub-fieldof the VNFD parameter.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determiningwhether the VNFD parameter can be dynamically updated comprises:determining that an attribute of the VNFD parameter can be modified bythe management entity when the management entity has a higheradministrative priority than an entity that set the attribute of theVNFD parameter according to administrative priority sub-field of theVNFD parameter.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whetherthe VNFD parameter can be dynamically updated according to one or moresub-fields of the VNFD parameter comprises: determining that the VNFDparameter can be dynamically updated when one or more conditionsspecified by a constraints sub-field of the VNFD parameter have occurredwithin a threshold period of time.
 7. The method of claim 1, whereindynamically updating the VNFD parameter upon determining that the VNFDparameter can be dynamically updated comprises: modifying an attributeof the VNFD parameter to reflect a modification to a characteristic ofVNF or VNF instance.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein modifying theattribute of the VNFD parameter to reflect the modification to thecharacteristic of VNF or VNF instance comprises: modifying an attributeof the VNFD parameter to reflect an increase or a decrease in a numberof virtual deployment units (VDUs), a number of virtual links, or anumber of connection points in the VNF or VNF instance.
 9. The method ofclaim 7, wherein modifying the attribute of the VNFD parameter toreflect the modification to the characteristic of VNF or VNF instancecomprises: modifying an attribute of the VNFD parameter to reflect anincrease or decrease in a resource quota of the VNF or VNF instance, theresource quota specifying a maximum number of resources that can beallocated to the VNF or VNF instance.
 10. The method of claim 1, whereinthe management entity is a network function virtualization operator(NFVO).
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the management entity is anOperational Support System (OSS) function, an Authentication,Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) function, or a VNF manager (VNFM).12. An apparatus comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory computerreadable storage medium storing programming for execution by theprocessor, the programming including instructions to: receive a VNFdescriptor (VNFD) associated with a VNF or VNF instance, the VNFDlisting a set of parameters describing characteristics of the VNF or VNFinstance; determine whether a VNFD parameter in the VNFD can bedynamically updated according to one or more sub-fields of the VNFDparameter or according to an information element listing dynamicallyconfigurable VNFD parameters; and dynamically update the VNFD parameterupon determining that the VNFD parameter can be dynamically updated. 13.A method for virtual network function (VNF) resource allocations, themethod comprising: receiving, by a VNF Manager (VNFM), a quotainformation notification from a network function virtualization operator(NFVO), the quota information notification corresponding to a quotaallocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed by theVNFM; sending, by the VNFM, a quota management request to the NFVO toupdate, or request information pertaining to, the quota initially set byNFVO; and receiving a response from the NFVO, the response responding tothe quota management request.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein thequota management request queries updated quota information, the updatedquota information indicating if there are any changes to the quotaallocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNF instance managed by theVNFM.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the quota management requestrequests an increase or a decrease in the quota.
 16. The method of claim13, wherein the quota management request requests deletion of the quota.17. The method of claim 13, wherein the quota notification informationfrom NFVO indicates whether quotas are available to the VNFM or the oneor more VNF instances managed by the VNFM.
 18. The method of claim 13,wherein the quota specifies a maximum number of computer resources thatare permitted to be allocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNFinstances managed by the VNFM.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein thequota specifies a maximum number of virtual machines (VMs) or CPUprocesses that are permitted to be instantiated for by the VNFM or forthe one or more VNF instance(s) managed by the VNFM.
 20. The method ofclaim 13, wherein the quota specifies a maximum storage capacity that ispermitted to be allocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNFinstances managed by the VNFM.
 21. The method of claim 13, wherein thequota specifies a maximum network resource capacity that is permitted tobe allocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNF instances managed bythe VNFM.
 22. The method of claim 13, wherein the quota informationspecifies a resource type, class, or level that is permitted to beallocated to the VNFM or to the one or more VNF instances managed by theVNFM.
 23. The method of claim 13, wherein the quota management requestand the response are exchanged over a Virtualized Resources Quotamanagement Interface.
 24. An apparatus comprising: a processor; and anon-transitory computer readable storage medium storing programming forexecution by the processor, the programming including instructions to:receive a quota information notification from a network functionvirtualization operator (NFVO) at a virtual network function (VNF)Manager (VNFM), the quota information notification corresponding to aquota allocated to the VNFM or to one or more VNF instances managed bythe VNFM; send a quota management request to the NFVO to update, orrequest information pertaining to, the quota initially set by NFVO; andreceive a response from the NFVO, the response responding to the quotamanagement request.